The Importance of Understanding Timing Chains and Sprockets

In automotive engines, the chain, gears, and sprockets are essential components within the timing system. These components ensure that the cam and crank shafts are in synchronized operation, so that the pistons can move up and down to properly ignite fuel and power the engine.

A timing chain consists of a series of rollers, linkages and sprockets that are designed to keep the crankshaft and camshaft in proper sync. The chain is lubricated with the engine oil and moves at the same rate as the camshaft. The camshaft is responsible for opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves during the combustion process.

The crankshaft sprocket is at one end of the chain and the camshaft sprocket is at the other end. These sprockets are fitted with teeth that engage the chain. The sprockets also have bearing surfaces to provide additional support and reduce wear.

Depending on the quality of the sprocket, these two important parts can last a long time. However, over the course of time, both the crank sprocket and the camshaft sprocket will begin to wear. This can cause the chain to skip, which can result in major engine damage. When selecting sprockets for the system, it is best to choose durable parts that do not present sharp edges and are fitted correctly.

When you have to replace your timing chains and sprockets, it can be a very costly repair. Unlike the replacement of a belt, you need to replace both the chain and the sprockets, and you may be required to remove the cam drive (which is expensive). This means that you will need to purchase a new crank pulley, cam chain, and other costly parts for the replacement and installation.

While the crank and cam sprockets are both essential parts of the timing system, it is important to understand the difference between these two auto parts. While a cam sprocket is essential for controlling the timing of the engine's valves, the crank sprocket helps to make sure that the motor's pistons do not hit the valves as they are firing.

Unlike the crankshaft, the cam sprocket is not attached to the engine block. It is attached to the camshaft and controlled by the camshaft actuators. The cam actuators are operated by the ECM (Engine Control Module), which sends a duty cycle command based on input from the cam and crank sensors. This command tells the actuator to spool up or down and direct oil flow to the cam lobes. The spooling of the actuator causes the camshaft to rotate, and the computer is able to monitor this movement using scan tool data.

The sprockets used in this system are typically made of steel, which is much more durable than aluminum. They are usually coated to improve corrosion resistance and feature anodized components to limit sludge build-up. They are also engineered and thermal-shock tested to meet OE specifications and improve internal sealing and minimize oil leakage.